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What Are Backlinks and How to Get Them: The Complete Beginner's Guide

Summary: Backlinks are links from other websites that point to your site. They're one of Google's top 3 ranking factors because they act as "votes of confidence" from other sites. This guide explains what backlinks are, why they matter (PageRank), the different types (dofollow, nofollow, editorial, guest post), 8 proven strategies to earn them ethically, how to identify and avoid toxic backlinks, and how to check your current backlink profile using free tools.

What Is a Backlink?

A backlink (also called an "inbound link" or "incoming link") is a hyperlink on another website that points to a page on your website. For example, if a food blog links to your recipe website in one of their articles, that's a backlink to your site.

Think of backlinks as recommendations. When another website links to yours, it's essentially saying: "This page has useful information — check it out." The more credible recommendations your site has, the more trustworthy it appears to search engines.

In HTML, a backlink looks like this:

<a href="https://yoursite.com/page">useful anchor text</a>

The website giving the link is the "referring domain," and the text that's clickable is the "anchor text." Both of these matter for SEO — as we'll cover in detail below.

Why Do Backlinks Matter for SEO?

Backlinks are one of the most important ranking factors in Google's algorithm. According to a large-scale study by Backlinko analysing 11.8 million Google search results, the number of domains linking to a page correlated with higher rankings more than any other factor.

Here's why Google values backlinks so heavily:

1. PageRank: The Original Algorithm

When Larry Page and Sergey Brin created Google in 1998, the core innovation was PageRank — an algorithm that ranked web pages based on how many other pages linked to them. The concept was inspired by academic citations: the more other papers cite your research, the more influential it must be.

While Google's algorithm has evolved dramatically since then (using over 200 ranking signals), backlinks remain at the core. According to Moz's SEO resource on backlinks, link-based signals still account for a significant portion of how Google determines ranking.

2. Discovery and Crawling

Google discovers new pages by following links. When a high-authority site links to your new page, Googlebot finds and crawls it faster. Sites with zero backlinks often take weeks to get indexed — if they get indexed at all. If your site isn't showing up in search results, backlinks (or lack thereof) could be a factor. Our guide on why your website isn't showing up on Google covers this in depth.

3. Authority and Trust Signals

Not all backlinks are equal. A link from the New York Times or BBC carries vastly more weight than a link from a random blog with 10 visitors a month. Google evaluates the authority of the linking domain, the relevance of the linking page, and the context surrounding the link to determine how much trust to pass along.

According to Ahrefs' study of over 1 billion web pages, 66.31% of pages have zero backlinks — and most of them get zero organic search traffic. The data is clear: without backlinks, ranking is extremely difficult.

Types of Backlinks

Understanding the different types of backlinks helps you prioritise which ones to pursue and which to avoid.

Dofollow Backlinks

A dofollow backlink is the default link type. It tells Google: "I trust this page and I'm passing my authority to it." These are the links that directly influence your rankings. In HTML, a standard dofollow link has no special attribute — it's just a regular <a> tag.

Dofollow links pass what SEOs call "link equity" or "link juice" — essentially a portion of the linking page's authority flows to your page.

Nofollow Backlinks

A nofollow backlink includes a rel="nofollow" attribute that tells Google: "I'm linking to this page, but I don't want to vouch for it." The HTML looks like this:

<a href="https://yoursite.com" rel="nofollow">link text</a>

Common sources of nofollow links include blog comments, forum posts, social media profiles, and Wikipedia. While nofollow links don't directly pass PageRank, Google has confirmed they treat nofollow as a "hint" rather than a directive since 2019 — meaning they can still influence rankings in some cases.

A natural backlink profile has a healthy mix of both dofollow and nofollow links. A profile with 100% dofollow links actually looks suspicious to Google.

Editorial Backlinks

An editorial backlink is a link that someone gives you naturally because your content is genuinely useful or interesting. A journalist citing your research, a blogger referencing your guide, a forum user sharing your tool — these are all editorial backlinks.

These are the gold standard of backlinks. They're earned, not asked for. Google values them most highly because they represent genuine endorsement.

Guest Post Backlinks

A guest post backlink comes from writing an article for another website in exchange for a link back to your site (usually in the author bio or within the content). This is one of the most popular link-building strategies — but quality matters enormously.

Guest posting on relevant, authoritative sites in your niche is perfectly legitimate. Mass-producing low-quality guest posts on irrelevant sites purely for links is a link scheme that violates Google's spam policies.

Resource Page Backlinks

Many websites maintain resource pages — curated lists of useful tools, guides, or references on a specific topic. Getting your content listed on relevant resource pages provides a high-quality, contextually relevant backlink.

Directory and Profile Backlinks

Links from business directories (like Yelp, Yellow Pages, or industry-specific directories) and social profiles. These are typically nofollow and low-value individually, but they help build a natural link profile and can drive referral traffic.

Quality vs. Quantity: What Makes a Backlink Valuable?

One backlink from a trusted, relevant website is worth more than 100 links from low-quality sites. Here are the factors that determine backlink quality:

  • Domain Authority: Links from high-authority domains (government sites, universities, major publications) carry more weight. A single link from a .edu or .gov domain can outperform dozens of links from unknown blogs.
  • Relevance: A link from a website in your industry or niche is more valuable than a link from an unrelated site. A dog food brand benefits more from a link on a pet care blog than a technology news site.
  • Placement: Links placed naturally within the body content of a page carry more weight than links in footers, sidebars, or author bios.
  • Anchor Text: The clickable text of the link gives Google context about what the linked page is about. Natural, descriptive anchor text is ideal. Over-optimised anchor text (always using exact keywords) looks manipulative.
  • Uniqueness: Your first link from a domain is the most valuable. Getting 50 links from the same domain has diminishing returns — 50 links from 50 different domains is far more powerful.
  • Traffic: Links from pages that actually receive traffic are worth more than links from pages nobody visits. If people click through, that's a real endorsement.
  • A study by Ahrefs found that the top-ranking page in Google has an average of 3.8x more backlinks than positions 2 through 10. But those top pages don't necessarily have the most links — they have the best quality links from the most relevant and authoritative sources.

    8 Proven Strategies to Earn Backlinks Ethically

    Now for the practical part. Here are 8 strategies that work in 2026 — none of them involve buying links, spamming forums, or anything that will get you penalised.

    Strategy 1: Create Link-Worthy Content (Content Marketing)

    The most sustainable way to earn backlinks is to create content that people want to link to. This means going beyond basic blog posts and creating genuinely valuable resources:

  • Original research and data: Conduct surveys, analyse datasets, publish original statistics. Data-driven content gets linked to because writers need citations.
  • Comprehensive guides: The "ultimate guide" format works because people link to definitive resources on a topic rather than writing their own from scratch.
  • Free tools and calculators: Interactive tools earn links naturally because they provide ongoing utility. A mortgage calculator, SEO checker, or conversion tool gives people a reason to link back every time they reference it.
  • Infographics and visual assets: Well-designed visuals get shared and embedded, each embed typically including a backlink to your site.
  • The key is to ask yourself: "Would someone reference this in their own article?" If the answer is yes, you have link-worthy content.

    Strategy 2: Guest Posting on Relevant Sites

    Guest posting remains one of the most effective link-building strategies when done right. The approach is simple: write a high-quality article for another website in your niche, and include a link back to your site.

    How to find opportunities:

  • Search Google for "your niche" + "write for us" or "your niche" + "guest post"
  • Look at where your competitors have guest posted (use a backlink checker tool)
  • Reach out to blogs you already read and engage with
  • The golden rule: Only guest post on sites you'd be proud to be associated with. If the site publishes anyone's content regardless of quality, it's not worth your time — and Google likely devalues those links anyway.

    Strategy 3: HARO and Journalist Requests

    HARO (Help A Reporter Out) and similar platforms like Connectively, Qwoted, and SourceBottle connect journalists with expert sources. When a journalist is writing an article and needs a quote or expert opinion, you respond — and if they use your contribution, you typically get a backlink from a major publication.

    This strategy can land you links from sites like Forbes, Business Insider, HuffPost, and industry publications that would be nearly impossible to get otherwise.

    Tips for success:

  • Respond quickly — journalists work on tight deadlines
  • Provide unique, quotable insights (not generic advice)
  • Include your credentials and why you're qualified to comment
  • Keep responses concise — 200–300 words maximum
  • Strategy 4: Broken Link Building

    Broken link building is the process of finding broken links on other websites and suggesting your content as a replacement. Here's how it works:

  • Step 1: Find resource pages in your niche (search for "your topic" + "resources" or "your topic" + "useful links")
  • Step 2: Check those pages for broken links using a tool like Check My Links (a free Chrome extension)
  • Step 3: If you have content that covers the same topic as the broken link, email the site owner
  • Step 4: Let them know about the broken link and suggest your content as a replacement
  • This works because you're helping the webmaster fix a problem on their site while also providing a relevant replacement. It's a win-win.

    Strategy 5: Resource Page Link Building

    Many authoritative websites maintain resource pages — curated lists of the best tools, guides, or references on a specific topic. Getting listed on these pages provides a highly relevant, contextual backlink.

    How to find resource pages:

  • Search "your niche" + inurl:resources
  • Search "your niche" + "useful links"
  • Search "your niche" + "recommended tools"
  • Once you find relevant resource pages, email the webmaster with a brief, friendly pitch explaining why your content or tool would be a valuable addition to their list. Keep it short — one or two sentences about what you offer and why their audience would benefit.

    Strategy 6: Digital PR

    Digital PR is the process of getting your brand mentioned and linked to by online publications, news sites, and influential blogs. Unlike traditional PR, the goal is specifically to earn backlinks alongside brand exposure.

    Effective digital PR tactics include:

  • Newsjacking: Quickly creating content that ties into a trending news story, making it easy for journalists to link to your analysis or data
  • Data studies: Publishing original research that journalists can cite (e.g., "We analysed 10,000 websites and found...")
  • Expert commentary: Positioning yourself as a go-to expert that journalists can quote
  • Free tools: Launching useful tools that publications review and link to
  • Strategy 7: The Skyscraper Technique

    Coined by Brian Dean at Backlinko, the Skyscraper Technique is a three-step process:

  • Step 1: Find existing content in your niche that has attracted lots of backlinks
  • Step 2: Create something significantly better — more thorough, more current, better designed, with original data
  • Step 3: Reach out to the sites linking to the original piece and let them know about your improved version
  • This works because you're not asking for a favour — you're offering an upgrade. If the content they're currently linking to is outdated or incomplete, yours is a better option for their readers.

    Strategy 8: Build Relationships, Not Just Links

    The most effective long-term link-building strategy isn't a tactic — it's building genuine relationships with other people in your industry. Engage with their content on social media, leave thoughtful comments on their blog, share their work, and collaborate on projects.

    When you have a real relationship with someone, asking for a link (or getting one naturally) is effortless. People link to people they know, like, and trust — just like in the offline world.

    Toxic Backlinks: What to Avoid

    Not all backlinks help your site. Some can actively harm your rankings or even trigger a manual penalty from Google. Here are the types of backlinks to avoid:

  • Paid links: Buying backlinks violates Google's link spam policies. This includes paying for links directly, exchanging products/services for links, and excessive link exchanges.
  • Private Blog Networks (PBNs): Networks of low-quality websites created solely to link to a target site. Google has gotten extremely good at identifying and penalising PBN links.
  • Spammy directory links: Mass-submitting your site to hundreds of low-quality directories is a well-known link scheme. Legitimate, curated directories are fine — auto-submission services are not.
  • Comment spam: Dropping links in blog comments, forum posts, and social media purely for SEO value. These are almost always nofollow anyway, and they damage your brand.
  • Link farms: Websites that exist solely to trade and sell links, with no genuine content or audience.
  • Foreign language spam links: If you suddenly acquire hundreds of backlinks from sites in languages you don't operate in, those are likely spam or negative SEO attacks.
  • If you discover toxic backlinks pointing to your site, you can use Google's Disavow Tool in Search Console to tell Google to ignore those links. Use this tool carefully — disavowing legitimate links can hurt your rankings.

    How to Check Your Backlinks

    Monitoring your backlink profile is essential for maintaining healthy SEO. Here's how to check your backlinks using free and paid tools:

    Google Search Console (Free)

    Google Search Console shows you the links Google has found pointing to your site. Navigate to Links → External Links to see your top linked pages, top linking sites, and top linking text. This is the most authoritative source since it comes directly from Google.

    Clarity SEO Backlink Checker (Free)

    For a quick overview of your backlink profile without needing a Google account, use the Clarity SEO Report Card. It analyses your site's SEO health including backlink signals, domain authority indicators, and linking domains — all in seconds with no signup required.

    → Check your backlink profile free

    Third-Party Tools

    For deeper analysis, these tools maintain their own link indexes and provide additional metrics:

  • Ahrefs: The largest backlink index (over 35 trillion known links). Shows detailed metrics including Domain Rating, referring domains, anchor text distribution, and new/lost links over time.
  • Moz Link Explorer: Provides Domain Authority scores and a comprehensive view of your link profile. The free version allows limited queries per month.
  • SEMrush: Combines backlink analysis with competitive intelligence, showing you where competitors are getting links that you're not.
  • Ubersuggest: Neil Patel's tool offers basic backlink data for free, making it a good starting point for beginners.
  • What to Look For in Your Backlink Profile

    When reviewing your backlinks, pay attention to:

  • Total referring domains: More important than total backlinks. 100 links from 100 different sites beats 1,000 links from 5 sites.
  • Link growth trend: Are you gaining or losing links over time? A sudden spike or drop warrants investigation.
  • Anchor text distribution: Should look natural — a mix of branded terms, generic phrases ("click here"), URL-based anchors, and topic-related keywords.
  • Dofollow vs. nofollow ratio: A natural profile has both. Anything above 70–80% dofollow is typical for healthy sites.
  • Spam signals: Look for links from obviously spammy sites (foreign language spam, gambling/pharma sites you have no connection to, PBN-looking domains).
  • How Many Backlinks Do You Need to Rank?

    There's no magic number. The backlinks you need depend entirely on your niche, competition, and keyword difficulty. A local plumber targeting "plumber in Grafton NSW" might rank with 5–10 quality backlinks. An e-commerce site targeting "best running shoes" might need thousands.

    The practical approach: look at what's currently ranking for your target keywords. If the top 3 results have 50–100 referring domains each, that gives you a realistic benchmark. You don't necessarily need to match them — if your content is better and more relevant, you can rank with fewer links — but it sets expectations.

    Focus on steady, consistent link building rather than trying to acquire hundreds of links overnight. Google is far more likely to reward gradual, natural growth than sudden spikes that look artificial.

    Backlinks and Your Broader SEO Strategy

    Backlinks are powerful, but they're only one part of a complete SEO strategy. Even the best backlink profile won't save a site with poor on-page SEO, thin content, or terrible page speed. Here's how backlinks fit into the bigger picture:

  • On-page SEO comes first: Before building links, make sure your on-page SEO fundamentals are solid — title tags, meta descriptions, header structure, content quality.
  • Technical SEO enables everything: Your site needs to be crawlable, fast, and mobile-friendly. Check your website speed and make sure Google can actually find and index your pages.
  • Content is the magnet: You can't build links to a site with nothing worth linking to. Invest in content before investing in outreach.
  • Patience is non-negotiable: Ethical link building takes time. Anyone promising hundreds of backlinks in a week is selling something that will hurt you in the long run.
  • FAQ

    Are backlinks still important for SEO in 2026?

    Yes. While Google's algorithm has evolved to include hundreds of ranking signals, backlinks remain one of the top 3 ranking factors. Google's own search quality guidelines emphasise that links from authoritative sources are a key trust signal. No credible SEO study has ever concluded that backlinks don't matter — they consistently correlate with higher rankings.

    Can I rank without backlinks?

    For very low-competition keywords (e.g., long-tail local terms), it's possible to rank with zero backlinks if your on-page SEO and content quality are strong. But for anything moderately competitive, you'll need at least some quality backlinks. According to Ahrefs, 96.55% of all pages get zero organic traffic from Google — and the majority of those pages have zero backlinks.

    Is buying backlinks worth the risk?

    No. Buying backlinks violates Google's guidelines and can result in a manual penalty that removes your site from search results entirely. Even if you don't get caught immediately, Google's algorithms are increasingly good at detecting paid links and simply ignoring them — meaning you've paid for nothing. Invest that money in creating great content that earns links naturally.

    How long does it take for backlinks to affect rankings?

    It varies, but typically 2 to 12 weeks from when Google discovers the link to when you see ranking improvements. Factors include how quickly Google crawls the linking page, the authority of the linking domain, and how competitive your target keyword is. High-authority links tend to have faster impact than low-authority ones.

    What's the difference between backlinks and internal links?

    Backlinks come from external websites pointing to your site. Internal links are links within your own website that connect one page to another. Both matter for SEO: backlinks build domain authority, while internal links help distribute that authority across your pages and help Google understand your site structure.

    Should I disavow bad backlinks?

    Only if you have a clear manual penalty related to links, or if you've identified a significant number of obviously spammy links pointing to your site. Google is generally good at ignoring low-quality links on its own. The Disavow Tool is a last resort — not something you should use routinely. If in doubt, leave it alone.

    Start Building Your Backlink Profile Today

    Backlinks are a long game. You won't build a strong profile overnight, but every quality link you earn compounds over time. Start by creating content worth linking to, then actively promote it using the strategies above.

    Before you begin outreach, make sure your site's technical foundations are solid. Run a free scan with Clarity SEO Report Card to check your site's overall SEO health — including on-page factors, technical issues, and current backlink signals. It takes 10 seconds, requires no signup, and gives you a clear starting point.

    Earn the links. Build the authority. Watch the rankings follow.

    → Check your site's SEO health free

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